The recent shift in HR management, driven by societal shifts, globalization, and digital transformation, has forced companies to rethink their talent management strategies, while the rise of knowledge-based economies has enhanced HR's role in managing intellectual capital. This evolution has reshaped HR functions from transactional to strategic. Modern HR now leverages data analytics for decision-making, prioritizes lifelong learning over traditional recruitment, and integrates diversity, equity, and inclusion into core operations. Technologies such as artificial intelligence and cloud platforms have automated routine tasks, allowing HR to focus on culture and agility.