The recent transition in HRM is driven by social and economic shifts such as globalization, the skills gap, and rapid business changes. Socially, a borderless workplace and the need for culturally adept leaders have pushed HR to address diversity and inclusion while fostering local leadership aligned with global values. Economically, the rise of emerging markets and heightened competition necessitate agile talent management and global mobility. HR functions have evolved from administrative tasks to strategic roles, focusing on global talent resourcing, leadership development, and using analytics to align mobility with business needs. This shift ensures HR drives business growth through effective workforce strategies.