The recent transition in HRM has been driven by several social and economic factors, including the rise of globalization, technological advancements, and changing workforce demographics. As organizations expand across borders, there is a greater need for HR to navigate diverse cultural landscapes and adapt to varying labor laws. Additionally, the increasing reliance on data analytics and digital tools has transformed HR functions, shifting the focus from administrative tasks to strategic roles that emphasize talent management, employee engagement, and organizational development. This evolution reflects a broader recognition that effective HR practices are crucial for fostering innovation and maintaining a competitive advantage in today's dynamic business environment.